With the development of society and advances in technology, new materials, the application of more and more extensively, polyurethane elastomer since the early 1980's from the military to dual-use, and mainly civilian, the product of the brands increase in the scale of production growing in the national economy and various departments of the people's basic necessities of the role played by the increasingly important. Now from the point of view of practical applications, and talk about the advantages and disadvantages of polyurethane elastomer application development and the current situation and prospects.
1, polyurethane shells of the main advantages of
1, the performance of adjustable range. Physical and mechanical properties of a number of indicators can be passed on the choice of raw materials and the adjustment formula, within a certain scope changes, thereby satisfying the users of the products to the different requirements. For example, hardness, users of the products is often an important indicator, both made of polyurethane elastomer Shore A hardness of about 20 plastic soft roller printing, but also made 70 Shore D hardness above rigid plastic Rolling Roll, which is generally elastomer material would be difficult. Polyurethane elastomer is linked by many of the flexible and rigid chain of the polymer composed of polarity, with the rigid chain of raising the proportion of polar groups and the increase in density, flexibility of the original strength and hardness will be a corresponding increase in .
2, superior wear resistance. Particularly in water, oil, etc. wetting the media working conditions, its wear resistance is often ordinary rubber material several times to several tens. Metallic materials such as steel, etc. Although very hard, but not necessarily wear-resistant, such as the Yellow River irrigation area of large pumps, the flow of metal components Sandy Bay and the protection of the circle a lot of sediment erosion, on the front of several hundred hours wear serious leakage , instead of polyurethane elastomer coated Sandy Bay and the protection of 1,800 laps run straight into small yet wear. Others, such as the use Milling displayed at the exhibition Cots, coal preparation by the vibrating screen sieve plate, the stadium track runway, cranes lift truck with the dynamic oil seals, Elevator round and round, and so on rollerblades are also polyurethane Elastomer arena. In this reference point is the need to improve the low hardness in the system of flexible polyurethane coefficient of friction, to improve the wear resistance of the load bearing, in such polyurethane elastomer add a small amount of aluminum sulfide, such as graphite or silicone lubricant.
3, various processing methods, broad applicability. Polyurethane elastomer can with the same rubber used generic plastic necklace, mixing, curing process molding (referring to MPU); can be made of liquid rubber, or spray casting molding, casting, centrifugal molding (referring CPU); also Particle can be made with ordinary plastic, injection, extrusion, rolling, such as Blow Molding Process (referring CPU). Molding or injection molding of parts, to a certain hardness range can also be used for cutting, grinding, drilling and other machining. The diversity processing, the application of polyurethane elastomer a wide range of fields has expanded.
4, oil, ozone-resistant, anti-aging, radiation tolerance, cold tolerance, and sound transmission is good, strong bonding, biocompatible and blood compatibility outstanding. It is precisely these qualities polyurethane elastomer in the military and aerospace, acoustics, biology, and other fields were the reasons for the wide application.
Second, esters urethane elastomer but the inadequacy of the polyurethane elastomer is not perfect, its main shortcomings are as follows:
1, in the heat, high temperature performance in general. Normal temperature range is -40 to 120 ℃ use. For high-frequency oscillation in high temperature conditions or the conditions under long-term role in the structure must be designed or modified formula adopted corresponding measures.
2, impatient and strong-polar solvent pH medium. Under certain temperature, alcohols, acids, one would polyurethane elastomer swelling and degradation, chloroform, methylene chloride, dimethyl formamide, trichloroethylene and other solvents at room temperature, it will Polyaminobenzonitrile Ester elastomer swelling.
Third, Julv ester elastomer applications and development
To sum up, polyurethane elastomer overall performance is very favourable. In recent years, countries in the world are based on market demand for application development to strengthen its research and development focus in the following areas:
1, automotive polyurethane elastomer. Today's automobile industry is the high-performance, low weight, comfort and security direction. Rubber and synthetic materials is gradually replacing metal material, which is the application of polyurethane elastomer opened up a very broad prospects. Goodrich, the United States developed a second generation TPU, called Estaloc their business. The product has maintained a first-generation TPU Estaloc character, and use of hollow glass ball for packing, higher gloss over 15 per cent, while used in the manufacture of motor vehicles, such as plate and shock pad. In the car to install airbags, is the development of the modern automobile industry, the protection of the life and safety of the driver has a significant role. This airbag must possess the necessary strength to withstand the high-speed impact, but also has good low-temperature flexibility, suitable for the production of polyurethane, each balloon with about 300 grams of plastic. Most of China's automotive airbag has been installed, the market demand. Polyurethane elastomer using high-strength and high load capacity. Load can be created in the low-speed vehicle tyres, strength and high load-carrying capacity can be created in the low-speed heavy-duty vehicle tyres, its carrying capacity is produced with the use of natural rubber tire specifications seven times. In recent years, a new type of green polyurethane compound tyres are research and development, it is for the old and new rubber-fetal matrix, pouring a certain thickness of the high wear resistance, thorn-resistant polyurethane rubber扎plastic surface, Miles is in a pilot phase, is expected shortly after that production inputs.
2, the construction of polyurethane elastomer. Traditional asphalt felt waterproof material has gradually been sturdiness and durability, and the overall construction of polyurethane waterproofing material substitution; stadium runway in the state 10 years ago only to the official venues polyurethane surfacing materials, but now most of Stadium provinces and municipalities, colleges, and even some primary and secondary schools are covered with a polyurethane plastic runway; large bridge joints, airport runways and highways are beginning to use the seam filler at room temperature curing the Julv ester Elastomer production of the high-speed railway sleeper is very good material, the Japanese Shinkansen rail tunnels and bridges on the shop sleeper Julv ester is the adoption of the elastomer material. This new application and give full play to the perchlorate-elastic light physique, good shock absorption, anti-aging, and other characteristics, promoting good values.
3, Ester Mine used Julv elastomer. Coal, metal and nonmetal mines for high wear resistance, high strength and flexibility of the non-metallic materials in great demand. Over the past 10 years, a number of options with coal Julv ester flexibility screening panels replaced the heavy metal sieve plate, not only greatly extend the life of the sieve plate, but also significantly reduces the noise operating environment, saving energy evident result. Others, such as for the production of solid separation cyclone, the flame-retardant and antistatic wear-resistant conveyors, mine Monorail is the core round, coal mines, spraying machine used combination plate, 10,000 tons of Electric Wheel Dump Truck Oil Seal laps, high voltage cable sheathing cold-glue for the mine are also played an enormous role in the building. There are still many mines with wear-resistant elastic products are waiting to be developed and promoted.
4, Ester shoes Julv elastomer. Since many Taiwanese businessmen have come to the mainland, China's shoe-making industry has developed rapidly. Julv ester elastic buffer is a good performance, lightweight, wear-resistant, anti-skid advantages, footwear industry has become an important ancillary material, golf shoes, baseball shoes, football shoes, ski shoes, trainers, security shoes, the soles of many shoes, heels, Watou, insoles, and other important components are used Julv ester flexibility into the system, not only aesthetic generosity, and comfort and durability, and can improve performance.
5, Medical polyurethane elastomer. Good biocompatibility, blood compatibility, a variety of additives is TPU materials and CPU applications in the medical field was an important reason. Has been the successful development of the medical system for flexibility: tracheal tube and prosthetics, family planning with the bolt plugging agent, skull defect material, condoms and so on, its application in the medical and health fields also the prospects are bright.
6, the new polyurethane composite sheet. Britain is developing a system known as SPS splint layer of polyurethane composite sheet, and they will bring about a revolution in shipbuilding. It includes two 9 mm thick plates and among them was injected with 40 mm thick polyurethane elastomer, if successfully developed, could be used to replace the traditional shipbuilding business, the strengthening of steel materials, its advantages are: to save time, save plate, reducing Hull weight, impact resistance, fatigue resistance, shock absorption, silencers, and insulation. Once the SPS system of the future using composite materials to shipbuilding, shipbuilding consume polyurethane elastomer is a very alarming figure.
